Power Factor Correction Capacitors that most loads in the electrical systems industry are inductive, taking in slow current. Which reduces the power factor of the system. Static capacitors are connect in parallel with devices with low power factor to improve the power factor. These static capacitors provide lead current that neutralizes. The delay load inductive load current component. Eliminates the load delay current component), thus improving the charging circuit power factor. .
Power Factor Correction Capacitors are install next to large inductive loads. To improve the load factor of the load circuit and increase the efficiency of the system or device. Now a current flows through the capacitor which is 90° away from the supply voltage. Note that the capacitor supplies a conducting current. In a purely capacitive circuit. A current is 90° away from the supply voltage. The voltage delay by 90°). charging current . The combination of vectors (I) and (Ic) which lags the voltage at θ2. .The capacitor improves the load factor.
Also note that after the power factor improvement, the circuit is less than the current of the low power factor circuit. Before and after the Power Factor Correction Capacitors increase, the active current component is the same in this circuit because the capacitor only removes the reactive current component. Also, the active power (in watts) is the same before and after the power factor improvement.
Benefits:
The array of capacitors has many advantages over other methods of improving the power factor.
The losses of static capacitors are small
There is no moving part, so no care
Can operate under normal conditions (ie normal atmospheric conditions)
No base require for installation
They are lightweight, so they are easy to install
Drawback:
The stationary capacitor bank has been use For a short period (8 to 10 years)
If the load changes, the capacitor bank must be turn on or off. This causes system switch spikes.
It will be damage if the static voltage rises.
If the capacitor is damage, it will be expensive to repair.
Synchronous capacitor:
When a synchronous motor is unloadand overload, it is a synchronous capacitor. The synchronous motor is overload it protects the mains power and acts as a capacitor. When the synchronous capacitor is connect via the supply voltage (in parallel). It absorbs the mains current and removes the partially reactive component, which improves the power factor. Generally, a synchronous Power Factor Correction Capacitors is use to improve the power factor in large industries.
Benefits:
Long service life (almost 25 years)
High reliability
Continuous power factor adjustment.
There is no technical harmony
Defects are easy to clear
Harmonies do not affect it.
Low maintenance require(only periodic bearing lubrication require).
Disadvantages:
It is expensive (also high maintenance costs), so it is mostly use by heavy users.
An auxiliary device must be use for this purpose, as the synchronous motor does not have an automatic starting torque.
Moor
Phase Advancer
The phase amplifier is a simple AC driver connect to the main motor shaft and works by connecting the motor rotor to improve the power factor. The industry uses a phase amplifier to improve the power factor of an induction motor.
Because the close stator windings of the motor remove 90% of the residual current from the voltage, the power factor of the close motor is low. If the field current is regulate by an external AC source, the field current does not affect the stator winding. Thus, the power factor of the induction motor is improve. This process is performe by Phase Advancer.
Advantages:
The Power Factor Correction Capacitors consume by the motor is significantly reduce when excitation cloud velocities are given at slip speeds. Amber Capacitors can be easily use where the use of synchronous motors is not allow.
